Micromanufacturing in medical technology: FAQs on applications and processes

The processes can be roughly divided into subtractive and additive technologies. Both types of manufacturing are used in medical technology, depending on the requirements for material, shape, and quantity.

Subtractive micro-machining removes material through cutting or abrasive processes. This includes micro-milling, which works similarly to classic milling technology, but with tools in the micrometer range. Other methods include micro-turning, micro-grinding, and laser micro-machining. The latter uses high-energy laser pulses to cut or drill micro-scale structures from materials such as metals or polymers. Electrochemical processes and electrical discharge machining (EDM) are also used. They allow machining without mechanical stress, which is particularly advantageous for the manufacture of microelectronics and other sensitive workpieces at the micro level.

Additive micromanufacturing builds structures layer by layer. This includes processes such as stereolithography, multiphoton polymerization, and micro 3D printing. They are used when complex geometries or cavities are required that would be difficult to produce using subtractive methods. The LIGA process (lithography, electroplating, and molding) and micro injection molding are also important high-precision technologies.

Micromanufacturing enables medical devices that combine high precision, miniaturization, and complex functionality. It is used to manufacture mechanical, optical, or fluidic components that are used in implants, catheters, or diagnostics. Micromanufacturing also makes it possible to integrate multiple functions into a single component.

Micromanufacturing enables the manufacture of components with extremely low tolerances. This allows functions to be integrated into the smallest of spaces and products to be miniaturized. This miniaturization is crucial for minimally invasive procedures, as smaller instruments or implants cause less tissue damage. Ultimately, this shortens the healing time and improves outcomes.

The most important areas of application in medical technology include:

• minimally invasive surgical instruments,
• micro-structured stents,
• micro-optics for endoscopes,
• microfluidic systems, and lab-on-a-chip solutions.

Numerous exhibitors at COMPAMED will be presenting technologies from the field of micromanufacturing, especially at the IVAM joint booth in Hall 8a.

Visitors of the COMPAMED HIGHTECH FORUM by IVAM will also gain insights into trends, challenges, and best practices relating to micromanufacturing in medical technology.